Algerian Jews are granted French citizenship and full equality by the Décret Crémieux, named for Jewish-French legislator Adolphe Crémieux.Prior to this, both Jewish and Muslim natives of Algeria had been categorized as second class French citizens.
The decree caused resentment and hostility among the European settlers in Algeria who the Jews were now made equals of, and increasingly open anti-Semitism among them reached its height under Vichy rule in World War II.
Resentment and hostility also grew among the Algerian Muslims, who now classed the millennia-old Jewish community with the modern colonialists, leading to open hostilities during the Algerian struggle for independence and the obliteration of the Jewish community in the country.
